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WHAT IS JAVASCRIPT?
So if I was to ask you what the language of the browser is what would you say? You may be tempted to say HTML, right? Well, the real answer is Javascript. HTML is a markup language, but it’s hardly a language that any self-respecting developer would call a “language.” I won’t get into the exact definition of Javascript, which includes terms like “prototype-based” and “object oriented,” etc, because you can read it here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript . But the main idea is that you can implement more complex programming structures than markup, e.g. loops, if/else logic, variables, and a lot more. You can even generate HTML on to the page without having to code traditional HTML.
So in short, Javascript is the “client side scripting” language of the browser. The reason it’s called “client side” is because your browser is a client of your server that serves the website. PHP is on the server side and Javascript is on the client side.
The main things you will use Javascript for are AJAX requests to the server, dynamically updating the page without a page refresh (sometimes in combination with AJAX, and sometimes not), animation and generally fancy interactions that make your web app feel more responsive like a desktop application. To make a Web 2.0 app’s interface and user experience sing it will all be thanks to Javascript.
Some technical notes to know are that Javascript’s syntax is influenced by C like PHP is, which is why I think PHP is a great first language to learn. Basically you’ll be learning two similar languages and have a lot of preparation for learning C, which is basically the grand father of modern programming and still very relevant. Cooler server side scripting languages of the day like Ruby and Python are a lot less like C. Therefore learning PHP and Javascript is a great place to start. They’ll make it way easier to Learn C and C++ when the time comes, as well as Java. And by that time Ruby and Python will be no-brainers.
Another technical thing to note is that Javascript basically knows everything going on in a web page. It has access to all the HTML on the page, all the information the browser provides such as its width and height, the URL being accessed, etc. Javascript has hooks into all the information about the current web page.
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